Factores asociados al embarazo no planificado en adolescentes en situación de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v4/n4/434Palabras clave:
Adolescente, Anticoncepción, Educación sexual, Salud reproductiva, Vulnerabilidad socialResumen
El embarazo no planificado en adolescentes representa un problema de salud pública influenciado por determinantes sociales, económicos, educativos que incrementan la vulnerabilidad reproductiva, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática con enfoque analítico fue analizar los factores asociados al embarazo no planificado en adolescentes en situación de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, los resultados destacaron que los principales factores asociados al embarazo no planificado fueron el bajo uso o ausencia de métodos anticonceptivos, inicio temprano de la actividad sexual, escaso conocimiento sobre salud sexual, bajo nivel educativo, dificultades familiares; se identificó también que la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica estuvo caracterizada por pobreza, bajos ingresos, desempleo, baja escolaridad parental, limitado apoyo social, condiciones habitacionales inadecuadas, desigualdades educativas; afectando el desarrollo integral de los adolescentes; la evidencia mostró una relación directa entre estas condiciones y el embarazo no planificado, puesto que las adolescentes con menor escolaridad, limitaciones económicas, acceso restringido a servicios de salud sexual presentaron mayor probabilidad de experimentar embarazos no planificados, en conclusión, el embarazo adolescente responde a la interacción de múltiples determinantes sociales como estructurales, por lo que su prevención requiere estrategias integrales basadas en educación sexual, acceso oportuno a métodos anticonceptivos, fortalecimiento de los servicios de salud para adolescentes, políticas de protección social orientadas a reducir las desigualdades mejorando la salud reproductiva.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Reyes-Lino, Daniela Cecilia, Altamirano-Mariño, Emily Sadai, Del Pezo-Aquino, Domenica Michelle, Fuentes-Sánchez, Elisa Tatiana (Autor/a)
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