Aplicaciones mHealth en educación en salud: una revisión sistemática basada en PRISMA sobre tendencias, impacto y desafíos.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v4/n2/251Palabras clave:
mHealth, educación en salud, alfabetización en salud, revisión documental, tecnologías digitalesResumen
Las aplicaciones móviles de salud (mHealth) han adquirido relevancia como recursos para educación en salud, autocuidado y apoyo a la gestión sanitaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar críticamente la evidencia reciente sobre mHealth mediante una revisión sistemática basada en PRISMA 2020. Se realizó una búsqueda en seis bases de datos y se sistematizaron 30 estudios en una matriz documental de 30 campos. Los resultados muestran mayor presencia de diseños cuantitativos y mixtos, con énfasis en tres ejes: usabilidad, alfabetización en salud e intención de uso, así como efectos favorables sobre conocimiento y autocuidado. No obstante, se identificaron tres vacíos recurrentes: escasa explicitación de marcos teóricos, limitada evaluación longitudinal y débil abordaje de aspectos éticos y de equidad digital. Se concluye que la efectividad de mHealth depende de su adecuación al contexto sociocultural, educativo y tecnológico de los usuarios.
Descargas
Referencias
Abbasalizadeh, M., Farsi, Z., Sajadi, S. A., Atashi, A., y Fournier, A. (2024). The effect of resilience training with mHealth application based on micro-learning method on the stress and anxiety of nurses working in intensive care units: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05427-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05427-w
Agudelo-Calle, A. (2025). Aportes de las aplicaciones móviles a la salud de estudiantes universitarios en Medellín. Anagramas -Rumbos y sentidos de la comunicación, 24(47). https://doi.org/10.22395/angr.v24n47a10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22395/angr.v24n47a10
Alcívar-López, J., Alcívar-Viteri, P., y Cevallos-Manzaba, E. (2024). Salud Digital: Transformación de la atención médica ecuatoriana a través de tecnologías digitales. Revista de Investigaciones en Energía Medio Ambiente y Tecnología RIEMAT ISSN 2588-0721, 9(2), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v9i2.7038 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v9i2.7038
Al-Dahdah, M., Desgrées-Du Loû, A., y Méadel, C. (2015). Mobile health and maternal care: A winning combination for healthcare in the developing world? Health Policy and Technology, 4(3), 225–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2015.04.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2015.04.002
Alhammad, N., Alajlani, M., Abd-alrazaq, A., Epiphaniou, G., y Arvanitis, T. (2024). Patients’ Perspectives on the Data Confidentiality, Privacy, and Security of mHealth Apps: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26(1), e50715. https://doi.org/10.2196/50715 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/50715
Alòs, F., Aldon Mínguez, D., Cárdenas-Ramos, M., Cancio-Trujillo, J. M., Cánovas Zaldúa, Y., y Puig-Ribera, A. (2024). La salud móvil en atención primaria. Nuevos desafíos en el desarrollo de soluciones para promover la actividad física y el bienestar. Atención Primaria, 56(8), 102900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2024.102900 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2024.102900
Ameyaw, E. K., Amoah, P. A., y Ezezika, O. (2024). Effectiveness of mHealth Apps for Maternal Health Care Delivery: Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26(1), e49510. https://doi.org/10.2196/49510 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/49510
Auza-Santiváñez, J. C., Carías-Díaz, J. A., Vedia, O., Robles-Nina, S. M., Sánchez-Escalante, C., y Apaza-Huanca, B. (2022). mHealth in health systems: Barriers to implementation. Health Leadership and Quality of Life, 1(0), 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56294/hl20227
Camino-Ortega, E., Baroja-Gil de Gómez, A., González-Gamarra, A., Cuevas-Budhart, M. A., García-Klepzig, J. L., y Gómez-Del Pulgar García-Madrid, M. (2023). [Education interventions in heart failure using m-Health: Systematic review]. Atencion Primaria, 55(11), 102734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102734 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102734
Cassim, E., Prewitt, M. H., y Walsh, D. S. (2025). Medical Apps for Physicians: Leveraging MHealth to Enhance Healthcare. Medical Clinics of North America. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2025.07.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2025.07.007
Córdova-Hernández, J. A., Martínez-Días, G. C., Gómez-Tapia, K. Y., Lizcano-Sánchez, M., y Toledo-Crespo, D. (2025). Aplicación e Innovación Digital para la Promoción de la Salud en Obesidad Infantil: Una Revisión Sistemática. Revista Ciencia & Sociedad, 5(2), 208–225.
Delgado-Morales, C., y Duarte-Hueros, A. (2023). Una Revisión sistemática de instrumentos que evalúan la calidad de aplicaciones móviles de salud. Pixel-Bit. Revista de Medios y Educación, 67, 35–58. https://doi.org/10.12795/pixelbit.97867 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12795/pixelbit.97867
Deniz-Garcia, A., Fabelo, H., Rodriguez-Almeida, A. J., Zamora-Zamorano, G., Castro-Fernandez, M., Alberiche Ruano, M. del P., Solvoll, T., Granja, C., Schopf, T. R., Callico, G. M., Soguero-Ruiz, C., y Wägner, A. M. (2023). Quality, Usability, and Effectiveness of mHealth Apps and the Role of Artificial Intelligence: Current Scenario and Challenges. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e44030. https://doi.org/10.2196/44030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/44030
Emerson, M. R., Buckland, S., Lawlor, M. A., Dinkel, D., Johnson, D. J., Mickles, M. S., Fok, L., y Watanabe-Galloway, S. (2022). Addressing and evaluating health literacy in mHealth: A scoping review. mHealth, 8, 33. https://doi.org/10.21037/mhealth-22-11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21037/mhealth-22-11
Foer, D., Sulca Flores, J. A., Sousa, J. L., Dalal, A. K., Plombon, S., Bates, D. W., y Rudin, R. S. (2026). Evaluating the integration of a COVID-19 symptom checker into an asthma-focused mHealth application. Healthcare, 14(1), 100774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2025.100774 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2025.100774
Guo, S. H.-M., Lin, J.-L., Hsing, H.-C., Lee, C.-C., y Chuang, S.-M. (2023). The Effect of Mobile eHealth Education to Improve Knowledge, Skills, Self-Care, and Mobile eHealth Literacies Among Patients With Diabetes: Development and Evaluation Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25(1), e42497. https://doi.org/10.2196/42497 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/42497
He, Y., Xie, Z., Li, J., Meng, Z., Xue, D., y Hao, C. (2024). Global Trends in mHealth and Medical Education Research: Bibliometrics and Knowledge Graph Analysis. JMIR Medical Education, 10(1), e52461. https://doi.org/10.2196/52461 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/52461
Hombaiah, C., Madhu, B., Gopi, A., y Murthy, M. R. N. (2022). Effects of mobile Health (mHealth) application on cervical cancer prevention knowledge and screening among women social support groups with low-socioeconomic status in Mysuru city, Southern India. PLOS ONE, 17(9), e0273070. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273070 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273070
Khademioore, S., Ebrahimi, E., Khosravi, A., y Movahedi, S. (2023). The effect of an mHealth application based on continuous support and education on fear of childbirth, self-efficacy, and birth mode in primiparous women: A randomized controlled trial. PLOS ONE, 18(11), e0293815. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293815 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293815
Khah, M. T., Farsi, Z., y Sajadi, S. A. (2023). Comparing the effects of mHealth application based on micro-learning method and face-to-face training on treatment adherence and perception in haemodialysis patients: A randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open, 13(6), e071982. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071982 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071982
Kheirinejad, S., Visuri, A., Suryanarayana, S. A., y Hosio, S. (2023). Exploring mHealth applications for self-management of chronic low back pain: A survey of features and benefits. Heliyon, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16586 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16586
Li, Z., Lu, F., Wu, J., Bao, R., Rao, Y., Yang, Y., y Wang, H. (2024). Usability and Effectiveness of eHealth and mHealth Interventions That Support Self-Management and Health Care Transition in Adolescents and Young Adults With Chronic Disease: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e56556. https://doi.org/10.2196/56556 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/56556
Medina-Aguerrebere, P., Medina, E., y Gonzalez-Pacanowski, T. (2022). Promoting Health Education through Mobile Apps: A Quantitative Analysis of American Hospitals. Healthcare, 10(11), 2231. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112231 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112231
Monasor-Ortola, D., Mira-Solves, J. J., y Esteve-Ríos, A. (2025). Análisis de habilidades y percepciones sobre mHealth en el manejo de pacientes crónicos por profesionales de atención primaria. Atención Primaria, 57(2), 103142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2024.103142 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2024.103142
Muehlmann, M., y Tomczyk, S. (2023). Mobile Apps for Sexual and Reproductive Health Education: A Systematic Review and Quality Assessment. Current Sexual Health Reports, 15(2), 77–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-023-00359-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-023-00359-w
Muñoz-Ñañez, D., Gomez-Sayas, J., Andrade-Díaz, K.-V., Muñoz-Ñañez, D., Gomez-Sayas, J., y Andrade-Díaz, K.-V. (2025). Salud Móvil (mHealth) en Profundidad: Un Estudio Bibliométrico. Revista Espacios, 46(3), 130–152. https://doi.org/10.48082/espacios-a25v46n03p11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.48082/espacios-a25v46n03p11
Murariu, A., Bobu, L., Gelețu, G. L., Stoleriu, S., Iovan, G., Vasluianu, R.-I., Foia, C. I., Zapodeanu, D., y Baciu, E.-R. (2025). The Impact of Mobile Applications on Improving Oral Hygiene Knowledge and Skills of Adolescents: A Scoping Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(9), 2907. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092907 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092907
Noh, J.-H., Jung, H.-W., Ga, H., y Lim, J.-Y. (2022). Ethical Guidelines for Publishing in the Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research. Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research, 26(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.22.0021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.22.0021
Ogundaini, O. O., Harpe, R. de la, y McLean, N. (2021). Integration of mHealth Information and Communication Technologies Into the Clinical Settings of Hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa: Qualitative Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 9(10), e26358. https://doi.org/10.2196/26358 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/26358
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Alonso-Fernández, S. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: Una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Revista Española de Cardiología, 74(9), 790–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2021.07.010
Parra-Riveros, H., Ospina-López, D. Y., Parra-Valencia, J. A., y Morales-Aristizábal, J. J. (2025). Criterios de diseño de aplicaciones móviles para el fomento de hábitos saludables en contexto de modelos de atención en salud territorial. Encuentro Internacional de Educación en Ingeniería. https://doi.org/10.26507/paper.4536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26507/paper.4536
Sánchez-Castillo, V., Gómez-Cano, C. A., y Gonzalez-Argote, J. (2023). Telemedicine and mHealth Applications for Health Monitoring in Rural Communities in Colombia: A Systematic Review. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Pervasive Health and Technology, 9, e5–e5. https://doi.org/10.4108/eetpht.9.3400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4108/eetpht.9.3400
Sarkis-Onofre, R., Catalá-López, F., Aromataris, E., y Lockwood, C. (2021). How to properly use the PRISMA Statement. Systematic Reviews, 10, 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01671-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01671-z
Schroeder, T., Haug, M., Georgiou, A., Seaman, K., y Gewald, H. (2024). Evidence of How Physicians and Their Patients Adopt mHealth Apps in Germany: Exploratory Qualitative Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 12(1), e48345. https://doi.org/10.2196/48345 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/48345
Segovia, S. (2023). Revisión teórica sobre la implementación de salud digital para mejorar la atención médica y como se puede implementar en Ecuador (Tesis de maestría). Universidad de las Américas, Quito. http://dspace.udla.edu.ec/handle/33000/15420
Singh, B., Ahmed, M., Staiano, A. E., Vasiloglou, M. F., Gough, C., Petersen, J. M., Yin, Z., Vandelanotte, C., Kracht, C., Fiedler, J., Timm, I., Dallinga, J., Sivakumar, B., Baumann, H., Huong, C., Wunsch, K., Suárez-Reyes, M., Schoeppe, S., Button, A. M., … Maher, C. (2025). Lifestyle eHealth and mHealth Interventions for Children and Adolescents: Systematic Umbrella Review and Meta–Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e69065. https://doi.org/10.2196/69065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/69065
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., … Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
Uncovska, M., Freitag, B., Meister, S., y Fehring, L. (2023). Patient Acceptance of Prescribed and Fully Reimbursed mHealth Apps in Germany: An UTAUT2-based Online Survey Study. Journal of Medical Systems, 47(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-023-01910-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-023-01910-x
Vecchia, C. D., Leroy, T., Bauquier, C., Pannard, M., Sarradon-Eck, A., Darmon, D., Dufour, J.-C., y Preau, M. (2022). Willingness of French General Practitioners to Prescribe mHealth Apps and Devices: Quantitative Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 10(2), e28372. https://doi.org/10.2196/28372 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/28372
Walle, A. D., Ferede, T. A., Shibabaw, A. A., Wubante, S. M., Guadie, H. A., Yehula, C. M., y Demsash, A. W. (2023). Willingness of diabetes mellitus patients to use mHealth applications and its associated factors for self-care management in a low-income country: An input for digital health implementation. BMJ Health & Care Informatics, 30(1), e100761. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2023-100761 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2023-100761
Wang, W., Khalajzadeh, H., Grundy, J., Madugalla, A., y Obie, H. O. (2026). User-centric requirements prioritization in mHealth applications: Insights from a Discrete Choice Experiment. Information and Software Technology, 192, 108014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2026.108014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2026.108014
Wang-Chau, R. C., Thu, K. M., Chaurasia, A., Hsung, R. T. C., y Lam, W. Y.-H. (2023). A Systematic Review of the Use of mHealth in Oral Health Education among Older Adults. Dentistry Journal, 11(8), 189. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11080189 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11080189
Yoon, S., Ng, J. H., Kwan, Y. H., y Low, L. L. (2022). Healthcare Professionals’ Views of Factors Influencing Diabetes Self-Management and the Utility of a mHealth Application and Its Features to Support Self-Care. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.793473 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.793473
Zhao, L., Zhu, R., Cai, X., y Zhang, J. (2023). Improving Sustainability of Learning Outcomes: An Empirical Study of Medical Students’ Autonomous Learning. Sustainability, 15(7), 5668. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075668 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075668
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Ponce-Saltos, Erika Nicole, Zambrano-Bravo, Melanie Karolina (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
: