Using conversational chatbots to develop oral fluency in A1-level english leaners.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v3/nE1/191Palabras clave:
Artificial intelligence, project-based learning, EnglishResumen
The teaching of oral expression in English at beginner levels is limited by a lack of authentic interaction, especially in Latin American contexts. This study evaluated the use of conversational chatbots to improve oral fluency in A1-level students in Ecuador, using a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests in two groups (n = 70): an experimental group that worked with ABP and Microsoft Copilot, and a control group that received expository teaching. Fluency was measured using a CEFR-based rubric, and normality, t, Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney, and Hake's gain tests were applied. The experimental group showed superior improvements and a moderate gain (g = 0.57), compared to the low progress of the control group (g = 0.23). It is concluded that integrating a conversational chatbot into PBL enhances oral fluency and communicative self-efficacy in A1 students.
Descargas
Referencias
Agasøster, S. (2015). Assessment of oral English: A study of assessment practice of oral English at lower secondary schools in Norway [Tesis de maestría, University of Bergen]. University of Bergen Repository. https://files.core.ac.uk/download/pdf/30862951.pdf
Centro de Estadística, Universidad del Azuay. (2024, julio). Boletín investigativo No. 53: Herramientas estadísticas: prueba de Wilcoxon [Boletín]. Cuenca, Ecuador. https://centro-estadistica.uazuay.edu.ec/sites/centro-estadistica.uazuay.edu.ec/files/2024-07/Bolet%C3%ADn%20Investigativo%20No.%2053.pdf
Council of Europe. (2025). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR): Learning, teaching, assessment. https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages
Du, J., & Daniel, B. K. (2024). Transforming language education: A systematic review of AI-powered chatbots for English as a foreign language speaking practice. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 6, 100230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100230
Fulcher, G. (2015). Re-examining language testing: A philosophical and social inquiry. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315695518 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315695518
Gonzales-Ticona, Y. B., & Jacobs-Estrada, M. C. (2025). La Inteligencia Artificial y su Impacto en la Brecha entre Países Desarrollados y en Vías de Desarrollo. Innova Science Journal,3(4), 626-640.https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v3/n4/112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v3/n4/112
Guartán Guamán, S. P., & Valdiviezo Ramírez, E. A. (2025). Using chatbots as a tool to personalize english as a foreign language learning: A literature review. Runas. Journal of Education and Culture, 6(12), e250283. https://doi.org/10.46652/runas.v6i12.283 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46652/runas.v6i12.283
Hake, R. R. (1998). Interactive-engagement versus traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses. American Journal of Physics, 66(1), 64–74. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.18809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1119/1.18809
Ismailia, T. (2021). Performance assessment using rubric to improve students’ speaking skill. JALL: Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literacy, 5(2), 178–188. https://doi.org/10.33974/jall.v5i2.335
Krajcik, J. S., & Shin, N. (2014). Project-based learning. En R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences (pp. 275–297). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139519526.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139519526.018
Koç, F. Ş., & Savaş, P. (2024). The use of artificially intelligent chatbots in English language learning: A systematic meta-synthesis study. ReCALL, 37(1), 4–21. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344024000168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344024000168
Li, Y., Zhou, X., Yin, Hb. et al. Design language learning with artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots based on activity theory from a systematic review. Smart Learn. Environ. 12, 24 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00379-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00379-0
Lyu, B., Lai, C., & Guo, J. (2025). Effectiveness of chatbots in improving language learning: A meta-analysis of comparative studies. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 35(2), 527–953. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12668 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12668
Luzuriaga Jaramillo, H. A., Espinosa Pinos, C. A., Haro Sarango, A. F., & Ortiz Román, H. D. (2023). Histograma y distribución normal: Shapiro-Wilk y Kolmogorov-Smirnov aplicado en SPSS. LATAM Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, 4(4), 596. https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i4.1242 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i4.1242
McLeod, S. (2024, February 1). Enseñanza expositiva: Teoría del aprendizaje de Ausubel. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/teoria-del-aprendizaje-ausubel.html
Microsoft. (2025). What is Microsoft 365 Copilot? Microsoft Learn. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/copilot/microsoft-365/microsoft-365-copilot-overview
Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador. (2022). Informe preliminar del 2021. Ministerio de Educación. https://educacion.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2022/03/informe_narrativo_rendicion_cuentas_2021.pdf
Moreira-Vera, C. A., & Lozano Alvarado, C. I. (2025). ¿Aprender o adquirir el inglés? Una reflexión crítica en una escuela pública ecuatoriana. Innova Science Journal,3(4), 290303.https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v3/n4/137 DOI: https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/isj/v3/n4/137
Nation, I. S. P., & Newton, J. (2020). Teaching ESL/EFL listening and speaking (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203114 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203114
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2010). Approaches and methods in language teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667305
Romero Saldaña, M. (2013). Contraste de hipótesis: Comparación de dos medias independientes mediante pruebas no paramétricas: Prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Enfermería del Trabajo, 3, 77–84.
Sánchez Turcios, R. A. (2015). t-Student. Usos y abusos. Revista Médica del IMSS, 26(1), 59–61. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/rmc/v26n1/v26n1a9.pdf
Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP). (2022). Guía metodológica para la implementación del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en la Educación Superior. Subsecretaría de Educación Superior. https://educacionbasica.sep.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Metodologia-ABP-Final.pdf
Segura Torres, M. J., Navas Espin, W. R., Zurita Hurtado, H. A., Parra López, R. A., & Zambrano Silva, D. H. (2025). Uso de chatbots inteligentes como herramienta estratégica para la mejora de la atención al cliente en empresas de telecomunicaciones en Ecuador. Arandu, 12(2), 3910. https://doi.org/10.69639/arandu.v12i2.1198 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69639/arandu.v12i2.1198
Tai, T.-Y., & Chen, H. H.-J. (2024). Improving elementary EFL speaking skills with generative AI chatbots: Exploring individual and paired interactions. Computers and Education, 220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2024.105112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2024.105112
Tapia, D., Freire, L., y Hallo, E., (2025). Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos: Un enfoque educativo innovador para una enseñanza activa. Reincisol, 4(7), pp. 320-341. https://doi.org/10.59282/reincisol.V4(7)320- DOI: https://doi.org/10.59282/reincisol.V4(7)320-341
UNESCO Office Santiago and Regional Bureau for Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, UNICEF Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, & Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe. (2022). Education in Latin America and the Caribbean at a crossroads: Regional monitoring report SDG 4 – Education 2030. UNESCO. https://doi.org/10.54675/HOTK9971 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54675/HOTK9971
Zhai, C., & Wibowo, S. (2023). A systematic review on artificial intelligence dialogue systems for enhancing English as foreign language students’ interactional competence in the university. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100134 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100134
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Doris Ivonne Vergara-Monrroy, Johnny Segundo Campoverde-López, Josue Reinaldo Bonilla-Tenesaca (Autor/a)

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
: